Individual counseling, or the individual counseling process, is a structured, goal-oriented process conducted one-on-one between the client and the counselor, involving psychological assessment and the use of psychotherapeutic interventions, and based on a relationship of trust between the client and the counselor.

The primary goal of the counseling process is to improve the individual's psychological well-being. The counseling process also provides individuals with opportunities to improve a wide range of skills, including problem-solving abilities, relationship and communication skills, social skills, and emotion regulation skills.

In individual counseling, the client participates in sessions where the counselor focuses on them individually. This is one of the fundamental methods used for problems that the client and counselor can solve together. It is applied when the client prefers to present their problem(s) individually, address them one-on-one with the counselor, and the nature of the problems allows for this. This type of counseling can also be used in conjunction with other practices such as group or family counseling. Examples of problems addressed individually include: Examples of difficulties in self-expression, insomnia, performance anxiety, worries and fears, low self-esteem, problems in interpersonal relationships, anger outbursts, and repeated failures may be considered. The length of this process is determined according to the client's needs.